According to a report by the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), the global sales of electric vehicles in 2021 exceeded 9.5 million units, an increase of 89% compared to 2020 when 4.219 million hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) were sold; and 3.978 million battery electric vehicles (BEVs) were sold. These two types of electric vehicles accounted for more than 80% of the sales of the overall electric vehicle market.
As the goal of net zero carbon emissions is becoming clearer, the European Union has set as a target to achieve average vehicle emissions of less than 59 grams of CO2 per kilometer in 2030, therefore car manufacturers in various countries are forced to accelerate the development of electric vehicles and reduce the production of gasoline vehicles.
The Problems with Limited Charging Infrastructure for the Growth of EVs
The popularity of electric vehicles driven by the policies as well as net zero carbon emissions has exceeded expectations; however, insufficient charging infrastructure is the main reason for consumers to not choose electric vehicles. For instance, the Chinese market which has the largest deployment of charging stations, has a vehicle-to-pile ratio of only 6:1, which means there is only one charging station for every six electric vehicles sold. As for the European Union and the United States market the vehicle-to-pile ratio exceed 10:1. Therefore, it can be seen the charging infrastructure is remarkably insufficient.
When facing the challenge of insufficient charging infrastructure, countries have formulated relevant policies to make charging piles more common in China, such as the inclusion of electric vehicle charging piles into the country's seven major infrastructure projects, and setting 1:1 ratio of vehicle-to-pile as a policy goal.
The US Infrastructure Bill is expected to allocate US$7.5 billion to fund electric vehicle charging stations and the EU plans to install 1 million charging stations by 2025. https://www.afaxpower.com/guides
The electric vehicle boom has driven the growth of manufacturers of charging stations and related equipment. What are the common mainstream charging stations on the market?
AC Charging Station:
Usually, the electricity from the power grid is AC. If the electricity is to be stored in the battery of an electric vehicle, it needs to be converted to DC. The AC charging station provides power output and the AC power is converted to DC power through the car’s OBC (On Board Charger) which then charges the battery.
AC charging stations generally have low output power and can take 4-8 hours to fully charge an electric vehicle, so they are often found in companies, communities or private parking lots.
DC Charging Station:
The AC power from the power grid is converted into DC power through the transformer in the charging pile and directly input into the battery. The output power is much higher than that of the AC charging pile and can meet the needs of "fast charge", which is generally found in charging stations at highway rest areas or public charging stations.
What is the difference between DC and AC charging piles?
Charging speed.
AC charging piles charge through the car's on-board charger (OBC), while DC charging piles do not have this process, so the charging speed of the two is quite different.
After a pure electric vehicle (with ordinary battery capacity) is fully discharged, it takes 8 hours to fully charge through the AC charging station, while it only takes 2-3 hours to complete charging through the DC charging station.
The Increase in the Number of Charging Piles will put Pressure on the Electric Grid
The future increase in the number of electric piles will bring great pressure to the power grid. As a result, this requires OCPP (Open Charge Point Protocol), to share the grid pressure. Its intelligent charging support can plan the charging process according to each level. Instead of full-load operation, the planned charging process information needs to achieve consistent information in all aspects through the communication between the electric pile and the main station.
OCPP, which stands for 'Open Charge Point Protocol', is formulated by OCA (Open Charge Alliance), an organization located in the Netherlands. This protocol was created because there are too many proprietary protocols in the industry, which makes it impossible to unify the communication services and operation experience of different charging pile operators. At present, OCPP is developed to version 2.0, aiming to establish an open application layer protocol to allow charging piles and central management systems of different manufacturers to communicate with each other.
Using Wireless Technology to Send Data More Quickly and Reliably
Technology integration service: the planned charging process information needs to achieve consistent information in all aspects through the communication between the electric pile and the main station. The wireless solution is the carrier for data collection, processing, transmission, analysis, and remote control. SINBON not only provides wireless modules used in charging piles, but also provides firmware services to assist in the development of OCPP, and thus, helping the manufacturers of charging station equipment and accelerating the development time. https://www.afaxpower.com/products
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